Pariwisata Budaya Berkelanjutan: Persepsi Masyarakat Lokal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37535/104001120215Keywords:
Wisata budaya berkelanjutan, masyarakat lokal, persepsi penduduk, manajemen pariwisataAbstract
Artikel ini mengkaji tentang bagaimana persepsi masyarakat lokal dapat mempengaruhi pariwisata budaya berkelanjutan di Jepang. Sejauh mana pandangan mereka mengenai kegiatan pariwisata di daerah mereka mempengaruhi sikap terhadap kegiatan pariwisata, dan bagaimana hal itu akan mempengaruhi partisipasi mereka dalam keberlangsungan pembangunan pariwisata berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian naratif dari penelitian sebelumnya sebagai data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi penduduk Jepang terhadap pariwisata bersifat positif dan negatif. Sikap ini dipengaruhi oleh seberapa dekat interaksi mereka dengan industri dan kegiatan pariwisata. Sebagaimana dijelaskan dalam teori pertukaran sosial, kecenderungan penduduk setempat untuk mempertahankan pariwisata budaya yang berkelanjutan secara keseluruhan adalah negatif, karena dampak yang tidak menyenangkan lebih signifikan daripada manfaat yang mereka terima. Oleh karena itu, pengelola destinasi dan atau pemerintah daerah perlu menyusun perencanaan dan pengelolaan pasar yang lebih baik untuk mewujudkan pariwisata budaya yang berkelanjutan.
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Ward, C. & Berno, T. (2011). Beyond social exchange theory: Attitudes toward tourists. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(4), 1556–1569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.02.005
Yasuda, H. (2010). World heritage and cultural tourism in Japan. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 4(4), 366–375. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17506181011081532
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Yilmaz, S. S., & Tasci, A. D. A. (2015). Circumstantial impact of contact on social distance. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 13(2), 115–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2014.896921
Andonian, A., Kuwabara, T., Yamakawa, N., & Ishida, R. (2016). The future of Japan's tourism: Path for sustainable growth towards 2020. McKinsey & Company.
Andriotis, K., & Vaughan, R. D. (2003). Urban residents' attitudes toward tourism development: The case of Crete. Journal of Travel Research, 42(2), 172–185. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0047287503257488
Bogardus, E. S. (1933). A social distance scale. Journal of Applied Psychology, 17, 265–271.
Brady, S. (2019, Maret 12). Some popular Japanese attractions have banned large groups of foreign tourists. Lonely Planet. https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/overtourism-japan
Brasor, P. (2018, Mei 5). Japan is struggling to deal with the foreign tourism boom. The Japan Times. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/05/05/national/media-national/japan-struggling-deal-foreign-tourism-boom/
Charlesworth, S. (2017). Cultural Tourism in Japan: A Critical Analysis of Tourists Perceptions of Marketing and Promotional Material for Japanese Cultural Tourism (Publication No. 8736) [Skripsi Strata 1, Cardiff Metropolitan University]. DSpace home.
Davis, D., Allen, J., & Cosenza, R. M. (1988). Segmenting Local Residents By Their Attitudes, Interests, and Opinions Toward Tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 27(2), 2–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728758802700201
Emerson, R. M. (1981). Social exchange. In R. Turner (Ed.), Social psychology: Sociological perspective (pp. 3–24). Basic Books.
Green, B. N., Johnson, C. D., & Adams, A. (2006). Writing narrative literature reviews for peer-reviewed journals: secrets of the trade. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 5(3), 101–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0899-3467(07)60142-6
Guyette, S. (2013). Sustainable cultural tourism: small-scale solutions (Resilient Communities) (Volume 1). Bear Path Press.
Hagi, K. (2017, Juni 27). Kyoto residents now complain about hordes of overseas tourists. The Asahi Shimbun. http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201706270001.html
Japan National Tourism Organization. (2017). Foreign Visitors & Japanese Departures (E2017) [Data sets]. Japan National Tourism Organization. https://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/ttp/sta/PDF/E2017.pdf
Japan Tourism Agency. (2017). Consumption Trend Survey for Foreigners Visiting Japan. Japan Tourism Agency. http://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/en/siryou/toukei/syouhityousa.html
Jimura, T. (2011). The impact of world heritage site designation on local communities - a case study of Ogimachi, Shirakawa-mura, Japan. Tourism Management, 32(2), 288–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.02.005
Kim, S. (2016). World heritage site designation impacts on a historic village: A case study on residents' perceptions of Hahoe village (Korea). Sustainability, 8, 258.
Murai, S. (2016, Maret 30). Japan doubles overseas tourist target for 2020. The Japan Times. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/03/30/national/japan-doubles-overseas-tourist-target-2020/#.WyhARhIzbq0
Nunkoo, R. (2016). Toward a More Comprehensive Use of Social Exchange Theory to Study Residents' Attitudes to Tourism. Procedia Economics and Finance, 39, 588–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(16)30303-3
Park, R. E. (1924). The Concept of Social Distance as Applied to the Study of Racial Attitudes and Racial Relations. Journal of Applied Sociology, 8(5), 339–344.
Pearce, J. A. (1980). Host community acceptance of foreign tourists. Strategic considerations. Annals of Tourism Research, 7(2), 224–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(80)90005-5
Pine, B. J., & Gilmore, J. H. (1999). The experience economy : Work is theatre & every business a stage. Harvard Business School Press.
Popay, J., Roberts, H., Sowden, A., Petticrew, M., Arai, L., Rodgers, M., Britten, N., Roen, K., & Duffy, S. (2006). Guidance on the conduct of narrative synthesis in systematic reviews: A Product from the ESRC Methods Programme. Lancaster University. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/2.1.1018.4643
Rother, E. T. (2007). Systematic literature review X narrative review. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, 20(2), v–vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-21002007000200001
Shaw, R. (2014). Disaster Risk Reduction and Community Approaches. In R. Shaw (Ed.), Community Practices for Disaster Risk Reduction in Japan. Springer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54246-9
Sinkovics, R. R., & Penz, E. (2009). Social distance between residents and international tourists—Implications for international business. International Business Review, 18(5), 457–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2009.06.002
The European Association of Historic Towns and Regions. (2006). Sustainable cultural tourism in historic towns and cities. EAHTR.
Thyne, M., Lawson, R., & Todd, S. (2006). The use of conjoint analysis to assess the impact of the cross-cultural exchange between hosts and guests. Tourism Management, 27(2), 201–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2004.09.003
Thyne, M., Watkins, L., & Yoshida, M. (2017). Resident perceptions of tourism: The role of social distance. International Journal of Tourism Research, 20(2), 256–266. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2179
Thyne, M., & Zins, A. H. (2004). Validating a Guttman-type social distance scale for explaining residents' attitudes towards tourism. In Crouch, G. I., Perdue, R. R., Timmermans, H. J. P., Uysal, M. (Eds.), Consumer Psychology of Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure, (pp. 33–49). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9780851997490.0033
Timothy, D. (2012). Destination communities and responsible tourism. In D. Leslie (Ed.), Responsible tourism: concepts, theories and practices (pp. 72–81). CAB International.
Turker, N. (2013). Host Community Perceptions of Tourism Impacts: A Case Study on the World Heritage City of Safranbolu, Turkey. Revista de Cercetare Si Interventie Sociala, 43, 115–141.
United Nations Environment Programme and World Tourism Organization. (2005). Making Tourism More Sustainable - A Guide for Policy Makers. UNEP & WTO. http://www.unep.fr/shared/publications/pdf/dtix0592xpa-tourismpolicyen.pdf
United Nations World Tourism Organization. (2017). UNWTO Tourism Highlights: 2017 Edition. World Tourism Organization. https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284419029
UNWTO. (2016). The tourism sector and the sustainable development goals: Responsible tourism, a global commitment. UNWTO. http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/pdf/turismo_responsable_omt_acc.pdf
Ward, C. & Berno, T. (2011). Beyond social exchange theory: Attitudes toward tourists. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(4), 1556–1569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.02.005
Yasuda, H. (2010). World heritage and cultural tourism in Japan. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 4(4), 366–375. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17506181011081532
Yeniasır, M., & Gökbulut, B. (2018). Perception and Attitudes of Local People on Sustainable Cultural Tourism on the Islands: The Case of Nicosia. Sustainability, 10(6), 1892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10061892
Yilmaz, S. S., & Tasci, A. D. A. (2015). Circumstantial impact of contact on social distance. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 13(2), 115–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2014.896921
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Published
2021-06-21
How to Cite
Kurniasari, K. K. (2021). Pariwisata Budaya Berkelanjutan: Persepsi Masyarakat Lokal. Journal of Research on Business and Tourism, 1(1), 62–74. https://doi.org/10.37535/104001120215
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